Disorders of Sex and Reproduction

Disorders of Sex and Reproduction: Ætiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

Effects of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) Diet on Rat Reproduction and Sex Ratio of Offsprings

Background & Aims: Apple (Malus domestica Borkh. from Rosaceae family), a rich source of phytoestrogenes has not been thoroughly tested for its reproductive effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of apple diet on rats' reproduction. Method: Nine groups of NMRI rats (n= 10 females + 2 males) with different apple diets (free- apple diet and apple diet in every other day and every tow...

Reproduction and Sex in Invertebrates

Sexual Reproduction and the Evolution of Sex

People typically employ several arguments in their efforts to explain the prevalence of sexual reproduction. One such argument is that organisms engage in sex because it is pleasurable. However, from an evolutionary perspective, this explanation arrived only moments ago. The first eukaryotes to engage in sex were single-celled protists that appeared approximately 2 billion years ago, over 1.3 b...

A review of the use of plant compounds and haber phytoestrogens on reproductive sex reproduction and aquaculture

The rapid development of fish farming and the increasing demand for fish have led to the dense cultivation of fish, which in turn has caused stressors for fish and thus increased the risk of disease. until now, the use of chemicals has been widely used for prevention and treatment, however, the use of chemical drugs has several negative effects on the environment (creation of resistant strains ...